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The Kingdom of Dalmatia ((クロアチア語:Kraljevina Dalmacija), (ドイツ語:Königreich Dalmatien); (イタリア語:Regno di Dalmazia)) was a crown land of the Austrian Empire (1815-1867) and the ''Cisleithanian'' half of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918). It encompassed the entirety of the region of Dalmatia with its capital at Zadar. ==History== The Habsburg Monarchy had annexed the lands of Dalmatia after the Napoleonic War of the First Coalition: when Napoleon Bonaparte launched his Italian Campaign into the Habsburg duchies of Milan and Mantua in 1796, culminating in the Siege of Mantua, he compelled Emperor Francis II to make peace. In 1797 the Treaty of Campo Formio was signed, whereby the Habsburg emperor renounced the Austrian Netherlands and officially recognized the independence of the Italian Cisalpine Republic. In turn, Napoleon ceded to him the possessions of the Republic of Venice, including the Dalmatian coast (Venetian Dalmatia) and the Bay of Kotor (Venetian Albania). ''La Serenissima'' had sided with Austria in order to defend her ''Domini di Terraferma'' and was occupied by French troops on 14 May 1797. The treaty ended the centuries-long history of the Venetian Republic. The newly acquired Habsburg crown land stretched from the Rab Island and Karlobag in the north down the Adriatic coast to Budva in the south, while the Republic of Ragusa (Dubrovnik) retained its independence until 1808. When in 1804 Francis II created the title of an Emperor of Austria for himself (as Francis I), he also added a "King of Dalmatia" (''Dalmatiae Rex'') to it. The possessions were however again lost after the Austrian defeat in the Battle of Austerlitz and the 1805 Peace of Pressburg, when they temporarily formed part of the French Illyrian Provinces. Not until the Congress of Vienna in 1814-15, the Kingdom of Dalmatia was formed from the regained territories, now including the former Republic of Ragusa and stretching down to Sutomore in the southeast. About 1850 the Austrians had the Prevlaka fortress erected to control the maritime traffic in the Bay of Kotor. Upon the Revolutions of 1848, Dalmatia was temporarily under the control of Ban Josip Jelačić of Croatia. However, the Italian-speaking élite dominating the Diet of Dalmatia urged for the autonomy of the kingdom as an Austrian crown land – against the Croatian national revival movement demanding a Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia, and Dalmatia. In the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, a unification with the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was denied. While Croatia-Slawonia was incorporated into the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, and Dalmatia remained a crown land of the ''Cislethanian'' (Austrian) half of the Dual Monarchy. The kingdom was a separate administrative division of Austria-Hungary until 1918, when its territory — except for Zadar, its territory and the island of Lastovo annexed by the Kingdom of Italy — became part of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later Kingdom of Yugoslavia). As a result of the Vidovdan Constitution (in 1921), the majority of the Kingdom was divided into the Split Oblast and Dubrovnik Oblast, with the Bay of Kotor being administratively split to the largely Montenegrin Zeta Oblast. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Dalmatia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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